Concepts

General

Fasting Blood Glucose

  • source: Glucose

  • alias: FBG

  • glucose levels after not having calories for 8 hours

Insulin

  • source: Glucose

  • helps with glucose uptake

  • also has other functions (all cells have insulin receptors)

    • eg. liver use insulin to help process glucose and fat

Conditions

Insulin Resistance

  • source: Glucose

  • potentially affects 88% of adults in the US

  • symptomps

    • higher levels of insulin in blood
    • insulin doesn't work as well in certain cells
      • cells that still process insulin normally now get flooded with too much glucose
      • this is what happens in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), most common cause of infertility in woman
        • too much insulin causing ovaries to produce less estrogen
  • consequence

    • heart disease
    • diabetes
    • infertility
    • Alzheimer's
  • occurs when some cells don't respond to insulin

Post Meal Hyperglycemia

  • defined as glucose over 140mg/dl after 1-2h after a meal

Hypoglycemia

  • glucose too low
  • detail
    • release epinephrine (adrenaline)
  • symptoms
    • fast heart rate
    • sweating
    • anxiety
    • confusion
  • long term
    • seizure
    • coma
    • death